Kidney Injury Molecule-1 is an Early Noninvasive Indicator for Donor Brain Death-Induced Injury Prior to Kidney Transplantation

W. N. Nijboer*, T. A. Schuurs, J. Damman, H. van Goor, V. S. Vaidya, J. J. Homan van der Heide, H. G. D. Leuvenink, J. V. Bonventre, R. J. Ploeg

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

36 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In rat kidney, real-time PCR revealed a 46-fold Kim-1 gene upregulation after 4 h of brain death. In situ hybridization showed proximal tubular Kim-1 localization, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Also, Luminex assay showed a 6.6-fold Kim-1 rise in urine after 4 h of brain death. In human donors, 2.5-fold kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) gene upregulation and 2-fold higher urine levels were found in donation after brain death (DBD) donors compared to living kidney donors. Multiple regression analysis showed that urinary KIM-1 at brain death diagnosis was a positive predictor of recipient serum creatinine, 14 days (p <0.001) and 1 year (p <0.05) after kidney transplantation.

In conclusion, we think that Kim-1 is a promising novel marker for the early, organ specific and noninvasive detection of brain death-induced donor kidney damage.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1752-1759
Number of pages8
JournalAmerican Journal of Transplantation
Volume9
Issue number8
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Aug-2009

Keywords

  • Brain death
  • donor evaluation
  • kidney
  • KIM-1
  • RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION
  • MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS
  • GRAFT FUNCTION
  • ACTIVATION
  • EXPRESSION
  • BIOMARKER
  • SURVIVAL
  • DURATION
  • TISSUE

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