Coeliac disease and autoimmune disease-genetic overlap and screening

Knut E. A. Lundin*, Cisca Wijmenga

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

122 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Coeliac disease is a treatable, gluten-induced disease that often occurs concurrently with other autoimmune diseases. In genetic studies since 2007, a partial genetic overlap between these diseases has been revealed and further insights into the pathophysiology of coeliac disease and autoimmunity have been gained. However, genetic screening is not sensitive and specific enough to accurately predict disease development. The current method to diagnose individuals with coeliac disease is serological testing for the presence of autoantibodies whilst the patient is on a regular, gluten-containing diet, followed by gastroduodenoscopy with duodenal biopsy. Serological test results can also predict the probability of coeliac disease development, even if asymptomatic. In patients with autoimmune diseases known to occur alongside coeliac disease (particularly type 1 diabetes mellitus or thyroid disorders), disease screening-and subsequent treatment if coeliac disease is detected-could have beneficial effects on progression or potential complications of both diseases, owing to the effectiveness of gluten-free dietary interventions in coeliac disease. However, whether diagnosis of coeliac disease and subsequent dietary treatment can prevent autoimmune diseases is debated. In this Review, the genetic and immunological features of coeliac disease, overlap with other autoimmune diseases and implications for current screening strategies will be discussed.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)507-515
Number of pages9
JournalNature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Volume12
Issue number9
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Sept-2015

Keywords

  • GLUTEN-FREE DIET
  • GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION
  • GENERAL-POPULATION COHORT
  • TYPE-1 DIABETES-MELLITUS
  • DERMATITIS-HERPETIFORMIS
  • TISSUE TRANSGLUTAMINASE
  • LIVER-DISEASE
  • ANTITISSUE TRANSGLUTAMINASE
  • METABOLIC-CONTROL
  • GLYCEMIC CONTROL

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